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a smartwatch to monitor type 2 diabetes mellitus, 100 patients recruited and experimentation underway

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The recruitment of the 100 patients involved in the observational study on Gatekeeper type 2 diabetes mellitus, a research and innovation project which, thanks to funds from the European Horizon 2020 program, brings together 43 European partners with the aim of indicating strategies, paths and technologies that favor an independent and healthy life for the aging population in Europe.

The one on diabetes, currently underway in the hospital of San Giovanni Rotondo, is only one of the 3 lines of research activated by the ‘Pilot Puglia’, the only one in Italy, in which the Regional Strategic Agency for Health and Social participates (AReSS Puglia), InnovaPuglia, the IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, the Polytechnic Foundation of Milan and MultiMed Engineers.

According to data from the Ministry of Health, type 2 diabetes mellitus accounts for about 90% of all cases of diabetes; it generally occurs in adulthood although, in recent years, an increasing number of cases are diagnosed in adolescence following the increase in childhood obesity cases.

Italians suffering from type 2 diabetes are about 5% of the population, that is, over 3 million people. It is estimated, however, that about 1 million people who have the disease but do not yet know it can add to this number.

In Gatekeeper, the task of the Irccs Casa Sollievo della Soflievo, in particular of the Internal Medicine and Innovation and Research Units, is to promote a study that will verify the usefulness of artificial intelligence in predicting the evolution of type 2 diabetes. combining conventional exams with lifestyle data collected from wearable devices.

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The 100 selected patients – suffering from type 2 diabetes, aged over 55 and a minimum of familiarity with technology – are given a kit consisting of smartphones and smartwatches made available by Samsung UK, with the indication of wear the smartwatch for one year, day and night.

In addition, during the same period, they will periodically undergo a day service for blood sampling and a complete check-up of the diabetic pathology. The same patients will also compile, for shorter periods of time, a food register where they will punctually define the foods eaten during the observation.

All the “unconventional” values ā€‹ā€‹collected by the devices – heart rate, quantity / quality of sleep, motor activity – will be downloaded by the clinicians and researchers of Casa Sollievo to develop, thanks to artificial intelligence algorithms, a mathematical model capable of predicting patient control of diabetes. The model is constructed by relating the ā€œunconventionalā€ values ā€‹ā€‹with the conventional values ā€‹ā€‹obtained from blood samples.

“We know that an incorrect diet exposes you to a very high risk of developing diabetes and its chronic complications”, explains Salvatore De Cosmo, diabetologist and director of the Internal Medicine unit of the Irccs Casa Sollievo della Soflievo. “In the West, diabetes is the main cause of blindness, amputation of the lower limbs for non-traumatic causes and renal insufficiency. In addition, more than half of diabetics develop cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction, stroke or vascular disease. Sedentary life too – continues De Cosmo – exposes you to the same risk, when moderate physical activity such as walking briskly for 30 minutes a day, 5 times a week would suffice. Sleep and heart rate are equally important variables to monitor because they expose you to the risk of developing diabetes or even serious cardiovascular events “.

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“The novelty of this observational study – explains Francesco Giuliani, Head of Innovation and Research – consists in the use of everyday devices, such as smartphones and smartwatches, to collect fundamental information to understand what can be the optimal management of patients to obtain glyco control. – adequate metabolic, aimed at the prevention of chronic complications. One day, also thanks to this study, commonly used devices could be included among the useful tools for the prevention, treatment and monitoring of the disease “.

“The observational study that is about to start confirms that Casa Sollievo has restarted quickly – explains Michele Giuliani, general director of the San Pio Hospital -. For too long, to cope with the pandemic, chronic diseases such as diabetes which, if not well controlled, can lead to serious complications and also represents a risk factor for an unfortunate existence even for the same Covid disease.19 The Gatekeeper project will give us again the opportunity to work and to confront ourselves, in a scientific context innovative and stimulating, with important Apulian research institutes and institutes of national importance and with international partners of the caliber of Samsung “.

“The Gatekeeper project – concludes Giovanni Gorgoni – director of AReSS Puglia and scientific director of the Puglia Pilot – confirms the commitment of the Puglia Region to healthy and active aging, favoring the development of effective synergies between the Health System and the technology sector innovative, so that together they develop solutions capable of improving services to citizens, especially those with chronic diseases such as diabetes. The 100 patients participating in the study at Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza are among the 10,000 patients and citizens who will contribute to the implementation of the three lines research of the Puglia Pilot. Thanks to the innovations tested by Gatekeeper we will be able, at the end of the project, to understand how much the use of technologies and devices for health represents an advantage for the quality of life of citizens, also measuring their cost-utility “.

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