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Bone Disorders: Symptoms and Treatment

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With the advice of prof. Giovanni Minisola, president of the Italian Society of Rheumatology (www.reumatologia.it) and director of the Division of Rheumatology of the “San Camillo” Hospital in Rome; let’s see what are the most common bone disorders and how to cure them.

We define “rheumatism“A group of disorders called, in more technical terms,” ​​rheumatic diseases “. It is about acute pathology O chronic (which last over time), very different from each other but united by the presence of pain, often constant, which involves the joints or extra-articular structures such as tendons.

Some, like the‘rheumatoid arthritis, they are high potential disabling. I pains more or less intense that occur in the coldest and humid months of the year, however, are a “bone ache”, Mostly caused by wrong positions and sometimes by arthrosis, pathology which is part of the family of rheumatic diseases. Each ailment has its remedy.


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The most common bone disorders

elder-man-with-back-pain

  • Arthrosis is the classic ” bone ache“. It is the most widespread disease (in Italy it affects 5 million people and represents 70% of rheumatic diseases) causing a degeneration of the cartilage and of joints due to wear: the bones are no longer able to slide without creating friction and, in direct contact with each other, they wear out. The main cause is the age, but also the overload of the joints for overweight O obesity, heavy work, trauma or fractures not healed adequately. The joints most affected are the hands (rhizoatrosis), the knees (gonarthrosis), the hip (coxarthrosis) and the vertebrae (spondylarthrosis). Difficulty in movement and pain (which sharpens when the joint is in motion and subsides when it is at rest) are the main symptoms. Joints may appear swollen, swollen and “noisy” during major movements.
  • Rheumatoid arthritis it’s a inflammatory disease autoimmune, in which the body’s defense system, which is supposed to fight external agents, attacks the body’s tissues, causing inflammation and pain. It affects the joints symmetrically starting from those of the hands, but the wrists and knees may be affected and, over time, all the others, which appear swollen, hot and painful. Unlike osteoarthritis, pain is present even if you are at rest and during the night and stiffness is more intense in the morning (it takes at least an hour for a complete functional recovery). L‘rheumatoid arthritis it is one of the most disabling rheumatic diseases and can cause even permanent deformities with a reduction in functional capacity of 50% two / three years after the onset of the disease. In Italy it affects 350,000 people, is more common among women than men (in a ratio of 3 to 1) and often appears between the ages of 25 and 50.
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  • Posture pain. Fortunately, a very large percentage of cases of “bone pain” are actually the result of bad habits such as excessive sedentary lifestyle or poor posture, especially during periods of time spent at the desk or while carrying out repetitive work. These ailments can be easily remedied with some good practice.

Physical activity: especially useful if the work And sedentary (swimming, for example, is a real cure-all for the back and joints because it does not overload them).

I movements and the right postures: whoever is at the desk should use ergonomic chairs; as for the movements, it would be good to avoid twisting the torso to take objects; if you lower yourself to load or unload weights, you need to bend your knees. Occasionally it is good get up e “sgranchirsi” the muscles.

Attention to the cold and in the air: in summer avoid drafts and sudden changes in temperature in the rooms with air conditioning and in winter cover up adequately.


Paolo Cesarotti


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