This was the case for the introduction of the 2017 vaccination obligation. It is now so on the occasion of the immunization campaign for Covid-19. When discussing vaccines some fake news they have no age. In recent weeks, the news has returned that some vaccines against Sars-Cov-2 would contain fragments of aborted fetuses. Fetuses created specifically for the purpose of producing the new vaccines. A news devoid of any foundation, the result of an incorrect interpretation of the vaccine data sheet in which the various components are indicated.
In the process that leads to the development and marketing of a drug (and vaccines are no exception), pre-clinical testing is of paramount importance. Before passing to humans, potential new drugs are first tested ‘in vitro’ and ‘in vivo’ in an animal model. Through the in vitro experimentation in fact it is possible to evaluate some characteristics of the product also through the use of cells of human origin suitably cultivated in the laboratory. This allows to study in detail the interaction between the molecule to be tested and the “system” on which it will act. Essential information for moving to the next stage ‘in vivo’.
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Experimentation techniques
Over the years, biologists around the world have refined more and more experimentation techniques of new molecules and in particular they have isolated some human-derived cells on which to test potential new drugs. Between human-derived cells used in laboratories all over the world, the most famous are the HeLa and HEK. The former are cells derived from cancer to the uterine cervix of Henrietta Lacks – a woman who worked in the tobacco fields of Virginia – back in 1951. The latter are cells from a fetus aborted in the early 1970s. Placed under certain experimental conditions, HeLa and HEK replicate infinitely and more easily than adult cells (the former because they have tumor characteristics, the latter because they are of embryonic derivation). For this reason they have been a good model for doing research for over 50 years now.
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Vaccines with viral vector
In the specific case of viral vector vaccines (AstraZeneca, Janssen and Sputnik V), the cells used for the purposes of experimentation and production are the HEKs. These vaccines, as well as those a mRNA, have the goal of making our cells produce la proteina Spike of the coronavirus. While with the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines the necessary information is contained in the mRNA which is encapsulated in a sphere of lipids, in those with a viral vector the information is in the form of DNA which is encapsulated in a adenovirus, a virus harmless to humans but which acts as a shuttle capable of carrying information inside the cell. The vaccine is therefore composed of a virus containing DNA. And it is precisely in relation toadenovirus that HEK cells come into play.
Viruses need to infect cells to multiply. For this reason, viral particles must be multiplied as much as possible in the large-scale production of the vaccine. Multiplication that occurs inside the HEK cells, an ideal reservoir for the production of the vaccine.
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The purification process
But multiplication in the FENCE it is only a step in the vaccine production process. Not surprisingly, in the leaflet accompanying the product, the use of HEKs is specified in order to obtain the viral particles. Furthermore, once the virus has multiplied, the next step involves numerous purification steps of the product so that only the virus containing the portion of DNA useful for producing the Spike protein, water, salts and some excipients is present in the vaccine vial. useful for the preservation of the product. A process, that of purification, of fundamental importance especially for the purposes of product safety. That is why, in the final product, there are no cell fragments of any kind present at all.
The position of the Church
Beyond the purely scientific question – HEKs and many other embryonic-derived cells have been used all over the world for years – the use of cells from fetuses has raised many reflections on their use within the Catholic Church. Having clarified the fact that there is no creation of embryos intended for the production of vaccines – but the embryonic cells used today derive from an aborted fetus in the 1970s -, the position of the Church, reaffirmed in July a note from the Pontifical Academy for Life it is clear: “The technical characteristics of the production of the vaccines most commonly used in childhood lead us to exclude that there is a morally relevant cooperation between those who use these vaccines today and the practice of voluntary abortion. We therefore believe that all clinically recommended vaccinations can be applied with a firm conscience that the use of such vaccines does not mean cooperation in voluntary abortion. Despite the common commitment to ensure that each vaccine has no reference for its preparation for any material of abortive origin, the moral responsibility for vaccination is reaffirmed in order not to cause serious health risks to children and the general population ” .
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