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Hemorrhoids: Symptoms and Causes

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With the advice of prof. CARLO RATTO, proctologist surgeon, head of the Department of Proctology of the Catholic University Policlinico Gemelli Rome – www.carloratto.it; let’s see specifically what causes hemorrhoids.

the hemorrhoids I am one of the most common ailments, more than 50% of the population suffers from it after the age of 30. They are enlargements of the blood vessels located in the anus and lower rectum. They can be external and internal. The external ones are located near the orifice and are covered with very sensitive skin.

Under normal conditions, they do not cause pain. However, if a blood clot develops in an external hemorrhoid (as occurs in thrombosis), it becomes a painful hard and very painful lump. And, if he gets injured, he can to bleed.

Internal hemorrhoids develop inside the anal canal, under the mucosa. Painless bleeding and their prolapse outside the anus during defecation are the most common symptoms.


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Symptoms and Causes

hemorrhoids 1

  • Bleeding during defecation
  • Prolapse during defecation
  • Itching in the anal area
  • Pain
  • Sensation of bulky lumps in the anus.

It is important to give the details diagnosis from hemorrhoids. We must not rely on diagnoses made without adequate visits and investigations.

The exact reason why they form is not known, but the upright posture, typical of human beings, sometimes causes the hemorrhoidal vessels to swell. Other factors can be the following:

  • Aging
  • Chronic constipation or diarrhea
  • Pregnancy
  • Inheritance
  • Effort during defecation
  • Impaired bowel function due to abuse of laxatives and enemas
  • Long periods of time spent on the toilet (for example, reading)
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Whatever the cause, the supporting tissues of the haemorrhoidal vessels fail. As a result, the vessels dilate, their walls become thin and bleed. If the tension and pressure continue, they can prolapse.


Paolo Cesarotti

Nutritionist Graduated in Biological Sciences with a Bio-Sanitary address


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