Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 18 Question: How to implement the bailout policy? ——Case tracking of the operation status of individual industrial and commercial households and small and micro enterprises
Xinhua News Agency reporter
There are more than 100 million individual industrial and commercial households and small and micro enterprises in my country, which play an important role in stabilizing employment and facilitating people’s lives. The central government has always attached great importance to and supported the development of individual industrial and commercial households and small and micro enterprises. Especially under the impact of the epidemic, all parties have issued a series of policies to benefit enterprises to support them in overcoming difficulties. Some individual industrial and commercial households and small and micro enterprises are facing difficulties. How can they enjoy the sunshine of benefiting enterprises? Xinhua News Agency reporters went to Guangdong, Heilongjiang, Hunan, and Shaanxi for research based on the clues reported by the masses on the national government service platform, so as to find out where the pulse was blocked and promote the implementation of the policy.
Financial support for small and micro enterprises to implement simple account opening
Ms. Zhou from Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province runs an online store and needs to cooperate with the company, and the other party proposes to settle through the corporate account. In January 2021, Ms. Zhou applied to the bank, and she wanted the bank to set a daily transaction limit of 50,000 to 100,000 yuan. And several banks she consulted said that without due diligence, the approval could not be satisfied, and the initial assessment could only give a daily quota of about 1,000 yuan. Ms. Zhou believes that the relevant regulations of the bank bring inconvenience to the normal operation.
Wu Wei, deputy director of the Payment and Settlement Office of the Guangzhou Branch of the People’s Bank of China, told reporters that due diligence should be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations such as anti-money laundering to open bank accounts, especially for merchants with business characteristics such as “no fixed business premises” and “no fixed office personnel”. , the bank has stepped up its auditing efforts. In response to the needs of emerging market entities, in late February 2021, the Guangzhou Branch of the People’s Bank of China issued and implemented 22 “Special Service Specifications for Opening Bank Settlement Accounts for Small and Micro Enterprises in Guangdong Province (Negative List) (Trial)” to simplify account opening certificates for emerging market entities materials, and accurately match the risk prevention and control measures according to the identifiable risk level.
In February 2022, with the due diligence of China Construction Bank Guangzhou Linhe Middle Road Sub-branch and Ms. Zhou’s active cooperation, Ms. Zhou’s corporate account was successfully opened with a transaction limit of 50,000 yuan per day. At the same time, according to the “Notice on Reducing Handling Fees for Small and Micro Enterprises and Individual Industrial and Commercial Households”, which will be officially implemented from September 30, 2021, policies will be implemented for Ms. Zhou to reduce account opening fees.
Ms. Zhou introduced that the main business of her Taobao store is event planning, followed by wedding events and advertising design. Due to the epidemic, many events are now online or canceled. She hopes that under the epidemic, relevant government departments can regularly organize online seminars or interviews in various industries. While stimulating the development of the online service industry, certain training is provided to help guide cultural service enterprises such as event curators to participate in the transformation online.
Dong Ximiao, a part-time researcher at the Financial Research Institute of Fudan University, said that under the new situation of risk prevention and control and the diversification of market demands, to support the development of small and micro enterprises, it is necessary to take the initiative to “step forward”. Financial institutions should innovate services through technological means, conduct in-depth mining, sorting, and application of corporate data and public data, balance simplification of processes and risk management and control, and take into account the reduction of financing costs and business sustainability, so that more preferential policies can benefit individual industrial and commercial households and businesses. Small and micro businesses.
Do your best to implement preferential policies
At the end of last year, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province issued a relevant rescue policy to help enterprises: small, medium and micro enterprises and self-employed industrial and commercial households renting state-owned enterprises’ real estate can enjoy half-year rent reduction and exemption. However, some merchants reported that the Harbin auto market, which is a state-owned enterprise, has not only not reduced or exempted rents this year, but has instead increased.
From the perspective of the Harbin auto trading market, the “parking space” in the contract signed by the relevant merchants is not the “real estate” stipulated in the document, and is not within the scope of reduction or exemption. The reporter’s investigation found that in the relevant lease contracts, there is no clear distinction between “boutique exhibition halls” and “parking spaces”, which makes it difficult to implement relevant preferential policies. At present, similar expressions in various places are unclear, and the boundaries of responsibilities and rights are unclear, resulting in mutual shirk and difficulty in implementing favorable policies.
The relevant person in charge of the Harbin State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission told reporters that the Harbin auto trading market rents out parking spaces, not houses, but considering the difficulties of merchants under the epidemic, they have coordinated the auto trading market to actively study. Teng Yun, director of the office of Harbin Automobile Trading Market Co., Ltd., said that the rental price of the company’s parking spaces has been much lower than the average level of the same area and the same industry for many years. From June 2021, the company will gradually increase the price of parking spaces, not a sudden increase in 2022. Although the company believes that the parking space is not within the scope of the reduction or exemption, it is willing to help the merchants as much as possible, and decided to extend the right to use the parking space for two months free of charge for the merchants in 2021. More than 300 merchants will enjoy the reduction or extension policy, with a total reduction of 4.19 million yuan. Due to the epidemic, the market is currently suspended. After the epidemic has eased, the right to use the parking space will be automatically extended for two months when a new contract is signed with the merchant after the market opens.
The reporter learned that due to the impact of the epidemic, since the beginning of this year, the Harbin Auto Trading Market has been suspended twice, with a cumulative suspension of nearly one month.
The person in charge of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of Harbin told reporters that at the end of March this year, Harbin continued to introduce policies and measures to help enterprises, from the continuous reduction of taxes and fees, reduction and exemption of house rents, and alleviation of financing pressure, to help those affected by the epidemic. Small, medium and micro enterprises stabilize production and operation and restore market confidence.
Yu Lin, a distinguished professor at Liaoning University, said that small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households have weak anti-risk capabilities. Relevant departments should, within their capabilities, flexibly grasp the bailout policy and take the initiative to effectively benefit small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households.
Delicate management “reduces burden” for merchants and promotes stable operation
Ms. Yang, who runs a supermarket in the Wuyi Square underground mall in Leiyang City, Hunan Province, reported at the end of last year that the domestic waste disposal fee charged last year was three times that of previous years. In the current sluggish business of brick-and-mortar stores and the high costs of labor and rent, the waste disposal fee has become a huge operating burden.
The reporter investigated and learned that the old charging standard in Leiyang City was formulated in 2002. Due to factors such as rising prices, Leiyang City re-established the standard for domestic waste disposal fees in 2019, and held a hearing, which will be implemented from January 1, 2020. According to the new standards, the charging standards of supermarkets, catering and other industries have been raised.
Liu Wenkai, director of the Leiyang Environmental Sanitation Institute, told reporters that the waste disposal fee in the supermarket is levied according to the area of the merchant. “Under the new standard, the monthly increase from 1 yuan per square meter to 1.56 yuan, Ms. Yang’s supermarket waste disposal fee has increased from 4,800 yuan to 7,488 yuan per year, but the collection will be suspended in 2020. When the payment notice is issued in 2021, The total amount calculated for the two years is 14,976 yuan, which is not three times of previous years.”
Zhou Yuefei, director of the Leiyang Urban Management Bureau, said that for businesses that do have difficulties in operation, the local government will continue to adopt policies such as delaying payment and preferential policies to ensure that the burden on businesses is not increased and that they can operate with peace of mind. For the supermarket that reflects the situation, the sanitation department will continue to suspend the collection of garbage disposal fees. The garbage disposal fee of this supermarket is still deferred, and the operator expresses his approval for the disposal results that reflect the problem.
The reporter learned that in response to the difficulties faced by individual industrial and commercial households, this year, the Hunan market supervision department has launched four major assistance measures such as continuous optimization of the business environment, including actively communicating with relevant departments and striving to introduce assistance policies for individual industrial and commercial households during the period of closure. Help individual industrial and commercial households tide over difficulties and increase efficiency.
Deng Long, a lawyer from Hunan Rujin Law Firm, believes that some individual industrial and commercial households are suffering from difficulties in operating due to the epidemic. He suggests that local government departments take targeted measures of “relief and assistance, rescue and emergency rescue”, and explore and optimize collection methods, such as appropriate reduction or exemption or Extend the payment deferral period, etc., and explore more refined and reasonable charging methods for different merchants to promote stable operations.
Reduce the cost of cancellation under the premise of legality
In April last year, Mr. Yi applied to Weicheng District, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, through the Internet to cancel the business license of the department store. After a year, there is still no result.
Mr. Yi lived in Shantou City, Guangdong Province for a long time, and was entrusted by the operator, Ms. Lin, to be the sole agent to cancel his three department stores in Xianyang City. Two of them have been successfully handled. As for the remaining one, he submitted an application for cancellation twice, and the Weicheng District Administrative Examination and Approval Service Bureau of Xianyang City refused to apply for cancellation of the registration on the grounds that he could not provide a tax clearance certificate and could not get in touch with the individual industrial and commercial household. According to the relevant policies of “trans-provincial handling”, Shaanxi can already handle online, generally 3 days to complete, if the materials are complete, it can be completed in half a day.
Gong Yuanxun, director of the Administrative Approval Service Bureau of Weicheng District, Xianyang City, said that in April 2020, Ms. Lin registered three department stores in Xianyang City. In May last year, the Weicheng District Administrative Examination and Approval Service Bureau received an application for cancellation. Two of them were deregistered through the simplified deregistration process. As for the third company, due to abnormal information such as its registered office address, it is being further checked in many places and departments. Once the results come out, they immediately go through the deregistration process.
Liu Junhai, a professor at the Law School of Renmin University of China, believes that the cancellation procedure for individual industrial and commercial households is more complicated than the registration procedure, involving many links such as tax verification. It is recommended to speed up the approval of cancellation under the premise of legality and improve the efficiency of registration services. Specific to this case, it is recommended that relevant departments actively cooperate to speed up the handling under the premise of legality, reduce institutional transaction costs, and enhance the sense of gain of the majority of market players. (Reporters Hou Xuejing, Xie Xiyao, Meng Yingru, Qiang Yong, Bai Tiantian, Li Hua)
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责编：袁晴 ]