[Epoch Times June 02, 2021]This year marks the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China. The CCP’s successor issue has not been resolved. Mao Zedong’s first successor, Liu Shaoqi, was killed by Mao.
Mao established Liu as his successor
Mao is 5 years older than Liu; they are all from Hunan. Mao’s hometown is in Shaoshanchong, Xiangtan County, and Liu’s hometown is in Tanzichong, Ningxiang County. Mao did not study abroad, and Liu studied in the Soviet Union. In his early years, Mao was mainly engaged in the peasant movement. Liu was mainly engaged in the labor movement; Mao was mainly engaged in armed struggle in the so-called red base areas of the CCP, and Liu was mainly engaged in secret work in leading the underground party in the so-called White District (the Kuomintang ruled area); Mao was regarded as Marxism-Leninism in the ravines. Liu was a Marxist-Leninist educated by the CPSU; Mao had four wives and Liu had six wives.
Mao and Liu cooperated very well in the process of subverting China’s legal regime, the Republic of China, by unscrupulous means. Especially in the 1940s, when Liu Zhumao became the top leader of the CCP in Yan’an, he became Mao’s most powerful assistant.
On September 24, 1961, when the British Marshal Montgomery met with Mao, he asked in person: “Is the chairman clear now, who is your successor?” Mao said, “It is very clear, it is Liu Shaoqi.”
Liu is the most enthusiastic person to tout Mao
From 1942 to 1945, the most difficult period of the War of Resistance Against Japan, because the Japanese invaders never bombed the CCP’s base camp-Yan’an, Mao conducted the first large-scale rectification campaign in the CCP history in Yan’an. The purpose was to clean Mao’s political enemies and establish Mao. Absolute authority.
For this reason, Mao specially transferred Liu Shaoqi, secretary of the Central China Bureau of the Communist Party of China and political commissar of the New Fourth Army, to return to Yan’an.
After that, Mao used Liu Xiang to launch a fierce attack on the “Communist International” represented by Wang Ming, Bo Gu, Zhang Wentian, and Zhou Enlai in the CCP. As a result, Zhang Wentian took the initiative to step down; Zhou Enlai failed to check; Wang Ming pretended to be sick and retired; Bogu was downgraded to stay.
On March 20, 1943, Mao finally became the boss of the Communist Party of China, combining Chairman of the Central Committee, Chairman of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, Chairman of the Central Secretariat, Chairman of the Central Military Commission, and Chairman of the Central Editorial Committee.
In 1945, at the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Liu gave a “report on the revision of the Party Constitution”, giving a complete overview of Mao Zedong Thought for the first time. Liu touted Mao as a “great leader”, “a genius and creative Marxist”, “the greatest theorist and scientist in Chinese history”, “has the highest theoretical accomplishment and the greatest theoretical courage”, Mao Zedong Thought is the “only correct guiding ideology” of the CCP.
An old CCP cadre recalled that Liu mentioned Mao’s name 105 times in a report at the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China.
At the First Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Liu was elected as a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party and secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Committee, becoming the second-ranked CCP figure after Mao.
Later, during Mao’s trip to Chongqing to participate in the negotiations between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, during Mao’s visit to the Soviet Union, and during Mao’s leave and rest from 1953 to 1954, Liu acted as the chairman of the CPC Central Committee three times. At the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 1956, Liu was elected as the vice chairman of the Communist Party Central Committee. In 1959, Liu was elected president of the country.
The difference between Mao and Liu
In 1958, Mao launched the Great Leap Forward movement. Due to the ultra-left policy, a great famine that is rare in Chinese history and even in the history of the world has occurred.
Chen Yizi, a member of the think tank of former CCP leader Zhao Ziyang and director of the China Institute of Economic System Reform, said that a secret report written by the institute based on internal CCP documents believed that the number of abnormal deaths at that time was 43 million to 46 million.
From April to May 1961, Liu Shaoqi returned to his hometown of Hunan to investigate for 44 days and saw that the poverty of the people was shocking.
When Liu visited the eldest sister Liu Shaode, the eldest sister said: “Brother! You are working in the central government, and you always have to give people food!” His niece Lu Xinxiu said: “In the cafeteria where we are, 11 people died in these two months. My father couldn’t come out and suffocated because he ate chaff and shit.”
At a peasant rally, Liu bowed to the villagers and apologized, saying: “I must figure out a way to reverse this difficult situation as soon as possible. Please give me two years from the elders. Two years later, if everyone is still like today If you are hungry, you can pick up my ancestral grave.
In January 1962, the CCP convened a meeting of 7,000 people to summarize the lessons of the Great Leap Forward. Liu believes that, as far as the country is concerned, the shortcomings and achievements are three to seven, and in some places, “one-third of natural disasters and seven of man-made disasters”. He also said that the central government should bear the main responsibility. Liu himself made a review and forced Mao to not Do not review.
After the meeting, Mao went out to patrol, leaving the mess of the great famine to Liu Shaoqi and others to clean up. Since then, Mao retreated to the second line, Liu presided over the work in the first line, and took a series of measures to alleviate the serious difficulties caused by the Great Leap Forward.
Mao’s wife Jiang Qing said later: “(Mao) took a sigh of relief at the 7,000-member meeting. It wasn’t until the Cultural Revolution that he let out his breath.”
On February 3, 1967, when Mao met with the head of the Albanian delegation, Baluku, he said: “At the 7,000-man meeting, we have already seen that the problem has arisen, and revisionism wants to overthrow us.”
Where is the difference between Mao and Liu? After the Great Famine, Liu still had something of humanity while the party spirit was still dominant. His relatives couldn’t eat enough and even starved to death. He felt guilty and wanted to change. However, Mao has always been the supremacy of party spirit. In Mao’s mind, Marx’s theory of class struggle took root. The Seven Thousand People’s Congress lasted just over 7 months, and life was a little better, and Mao immediately reverted to the old tune of class struggle.
In September 1962, at the Tenth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Mao used the excuse of “using novels to oppose the Party” and labelled Xi Zhongxun, the Vice Premier and Secretary-General of the State Council, as the leader of the anti-Party group. Mao pointed out in particular: “From now on, we will talk about class struggle every year, month by month, at conferences, party congresses, and once at a meeting.”
Mao wanted to defeat Liu in 1964
December 26, 1964 was Mao’s 71st birthday. Mao invited some people to dinner in the Great Hall of the People. The list was set by Mao himself, with some central leaders, major leaders in various regions, and a few ministers, model workers, and scientists.
As soon as Mao arrived at the scene, he announced: “Today is not a treat, let alone a birthday. I will invite everyone to have a meal with my own contribution fee.” Then he said: “You can’t just eat, you have to talk! Some people touch something, Just lift the tail, which is not good. Don’t lift it when you touch it, and don’t lift it when you touch it at two or three points.” Mao said a lot during the dinner.
On December 27, 1964, “Lin Biao’s Diary” recorded: “It’s so unusual! I, Boda, and Kang Sheng have become guests on Mao’s birthday, and the wife (Lin Biao privately called Mao’s wife Jiang Qing), Mao drank a drink. Bottles of Baishaye (Hunan wine), and asked: What should I do if someone in the central government robs the class to seize power? What should I do if they want to engage in revisionism? I also asked: the army will not follow revisionism! The Political Bureau of the Central Committee, the State Council, and the Secretariat of the Central Committee are all We must reject Mao. Mao is still the chairman of the party and the chairman of the military committee. To force me to rebel, I will make an upside-down.” “I think Mao’s next step will be from the Beijing Municipal Party Committee, from the Planning Commission, from the Central Committee, and from the Ministry of Culture. “
Liu was knocked down in 1966
One of Mao’s goals in launching the Cultural Revolution was to bring down Liu Shaoqi. However, Liu was kept in the dark and personally presided over and passed a document that actually prepared to defeat him.
On May 4, 1966, Liu presided over an enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China. On May 16, the meeting passed the notice of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, which was revised several times by Mao. The notice pointed out that from the central to the provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, there are a group of “bourgeois representatives who have mixed into the party, government, military, and various cultural circles”; “Once the time is right, they will seize power”; “For example, Helu People like Xiaofu, they are sleeping next to us”, “trained to be our successors”; the purpose of the Cultural Revolution is to “cleanse these people.”
Soon afterwards, Liu was overthrown as the party’s largest incumbent who took the capitalist road and was criticized internally.
On December 13, 1966, Mao and Liu met for the last time. Liu offered to “resign the chairman of the country, the Central Standing Committee, and the chairman of the editorial board of “Selected Works of Mao Zedong”, and go to Yan’an or Hunan’s hometown to plant land with his wife and children, so as to end the Cultural Revolution as soon as possible and save the country less losses.” Mao did not comment on this. .
Five days later, Zhang Chunqiao, Mao’s confidant and deputy leader of the Central Cultural Revolution Group, summoned Kuai Dafu, the leader of the rebels at Tsinghua University, and asked him to launch a campaign to bring down Liu Shaoqi. On December 25, Kuai Dafu led thousands of people in Tiananmen Square and publicly shouted the slogan “Down with Liu Shaoqi.” The news quickly spread throughout China, and people suddenly discovered that Chairman Liu turned out to be Chairman Mao’s greatest enemy.
All the CCP’s media are fully fired, criticizing Liu for being “anti-Party”, “anti-socialism”, “anti-Mao Zedong Thought”, “to restore capitalism in China”, and “conspiring to usurp the party and the country”. He was “sleeping next to Mao”. Khrushchev”.
On August 5, 1967, Liu completely lost his personal freedom and was reviewed by the Central Task Force.
Liu was tortured to death
Liu was imprisoned in Zhongnanhai for more than two years. In the summer of 1968, Liu developed a high fever, which turned into pneumonia and caused various complications. He was in danger of death at any time, but he never received good treatment. Afterwards, the doctor suddenly received a notice: “Liu Shaoqi’s meeting is about to be held now. He can’t be allowed to die. If he lives to see his expulsion from the party, he must keep a live target.” At this time, Liu was rescued.
On October 31, 1968, the Twelfth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China passed the “Examination Report on Liu Shaoqi’s Crimes of Traitors, Traitors, and Workers”, and Liu was “always expelled from the party and removed all his posts inside and outside the party.”
However, the CCP did not immediately inform Liu of this decision. Instead, it chose to broadcast to Liu on November 24, Liu’s 70th birthday.
At that time, Liu was trembling with anger, sweating profusely, breathing quickly, and vomiting “wow”, his blood pressure rose sharply to 260/130 mmHg, and his body temperature suddenly reached 40 degrees.
On October 17, 1969, Liu was transferred to Kaifeng City, Henan Province, where he spent the last 27 days of his life.
Gao Gao and Yan Jiaqi’s “Ten Years of the Cultural Revolution” described Liu’s situation at the time as follows: “No one helped him change his clothes, no one helped him to urinate and defecate in the toilet, and even pulled excrement on his clothes. He was lying in bed for a long time. The muscles of both lower limbs were atrophy, as thin as firewood, and the body was covered with bedsores…and Liu Shaoqi’s legs were tightly tied to the bed with a bandage, and they were not allowed to loosen.”
On November 12, 1969, Liu died of acute pneumonia at No. 10 Beitu Street, Kaifeng City, Henan Province. At that time, Liu Bai’s hair was more than a foot long, his mouth and nose were deformed, and there was a bruise on his chin. He also held a small plastic medicine bottle in his hand.
After that, Liu was sent to the cremation site to be cremated in the presence of a “dead from a severe infectious disease”, and no relatives around him saw him off. His death card read: name: Liu Weihuang; occupation: unemployed; cause of death: death from illness.
Concluding remarks
Liu Shaoqi’s life was a huge tragedy: After entering the CCP system, Liu, like other CCP leaders and CCP members, was manipulated by the “specter of communism” mentioned in the first sentence of the “Communist Manifesto”. . The specific manifestation of this “ghost of communism” manipulating CCP members is that every party member must have a party spirit. When party spirit and human nature conflict, human nature must be wiped out.
Under the domination of the party spirit, Mao Zedong launched dozens of bloody and brutal political campaigns, and Liu participated before he was overthrown. For example, Mao Zheng Wang Ming, Bo Gu, Zhang Wentian, Gao Gang, Rao Shushi, Peng Dehuai, Xi Zhongxun, Peng Zhen, Luo Ruiqing, Lu Dingyi, Yang Shangkun, etc., Liu all actively participated, and the whole man was very fierce. , The words are absolutely perfect.
In 1962, Liu showed a bit of humanity in dealing with the issue of the Great Famine, which was not tolerated by the CCP. When the Cultural Revolution arrived, Liu was brutally tortured to death.
Editor in charge: Gao Yi
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