The Bologna Local Health Authority’s Mental Health Department is currently treating 5,000 people suffering from depression, but according to psychiatrist Marco Menchetti, this number does not accurately reflect the reality of the situation. Menchetti believes that there could be as many as 15,000 individuals in the Bologna area struggling with depression, taking into account those who seek help from family doctors, private individuals, and those who attempt to cope with their depression independently.
Menchetti also notes that depression predominantly affects women, particularly in disadvantaged areas where access to services and income are lower. He explains that women are more likely to seek help, while men often try to handle their struggles on their own, sometimes turning to alcohol or drugs as coping mechanisms.
Furthermore, Menchetti highlights that the peak of depression occurs around the age of twenty for women and from 45 to 55 when menopause occurs. Additionally, individuals above the age of 65 also experience a significant level of discomfort, with women remaining more prevalent among those affected.
Menchetti attributes the increasing visibility of depression to both a positive trend towards seeking treatment and objective reasons, particularly concerning younger individuals. He points to factors such as limited prospects for the future, heightened competitiveness in education and the workplace, and an overarching trend towards individualism as contributing to the rise in depression.
From a prevention standpoint, Menchetti advocates for initiatives that prioritize social interaction and physical activity, emphasizing the importance of seeking help at the first signs of distress.
The genetic factor of depression is also under evaluation, with a recent global study identifying over 200 genes associated with the illness. This groundbreaking research, which involves individuals from different ethnic groups, has been published in ‘Nature Genetics’ and coordinated by University College London (UCL). It has the potential to lead to new treatment strategies and the ‘recycling’ of old drugs for combating depression.
As the understanding of depression continues to evolve, the emphasis on early intervention and holistic prevention measures remains critical in addressing the mental health needs of the community.