2023 was the hottest year on record, according to the European Copernicus agency, and experts warn that 2024 could be even worse. This increase in temperature not only poses a threat to the health of the planet but also to our own health. A recent Chinese study from Fudan University in Shanghai has found a direct link between extreme heat and the onset of acute ischemic stroke, a condition that can have serious consequences, including disability and death.
The study, published on Jama Network Open and based on data from 82,455 patients, revealed that the risk of ischemic stroke rises significantly with exposure to high temperatures, particularly during the central hours of the day. The analysis also identified specific risk factors, such as a history of dyslipidemia, hypertension, or atrial fibrillation, that can increase the likelihood of suffering a stroke.
In Italy, stroke is the second leading cause of death and the first cause of disability. Every year, around 90 thousand hospitalizations due to stroke are recorded, with a mortality rate of 20-30% within a month of the event. The study also highlighted that strokes are more common in individuals over the age of 55 and in males, with 75% of strokes occurring in people over 65.
The researchers emphasized the importance of preventive strategies during periods of extreme heat to reduce the risk of ischemic stroke. Xinlei Zhu of Fudan University urged individuals at risk, especially those with dyslipidemia, hypertension, or atrial fibrillation, to exercise caution, reduce outdoor activities, and use air conditioning on hot days to mitigate the effects of high temperatures on their health. Further research is needed to fully understand the biological mechanisms underlying the association between heat exposure and stroke risk.
As temperatures continue to rise, it is crucial for individuals to take proactive measures to protect their health and well-being in the face of climate change.