Cancer of the esophagus is one of the most prevalent in the world and, unfortunately, one of the most dangerous. In Italy alone, it affected 2,400 people in 2020 according to official AIRTUM data. And the 5-year survival rate from disease recognition is still very low. Suffice it to say that the estimates speak of 12% for males and 17% for females. For this reason we should never ignore what the body communicates to us. The first warning of esophageal cancer may be this sign that we often ignore. That is dysphagia, the difficulty in swallowing solid and liquid foods.
The first warning of esophageal cancer may be this sign that we often ignore
There are two most common types of esophageal cancer. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. The first affects the upper part of the esophagus. The second is the part closest to the stomach. The same symptoms can occur in both diseases. As a percentage, the carcinoma represents 60% of the registered cases. Adenocarcinoma 30%.
As previously mentioned, the first symptom of the disease is dysphagia. If we also struggle to eat softer foods or swallow and do not have chronic esophageal diseases, it would be advisable to book a specialist visit. Especially if the symptoms worsen and slowly we can’t even swallow liquids.
It could mean that the tumor mass is preventing the passage of food. A problem that in severe cases can also lead to vomiting and sudden weight loss.
Attention also to the voice. Especially if we experience a sudden drop or change in tone. This tumor is very subtle and in some cases directly affects the nerve endings that cause the vocal cords to move.
How to try to prevent it and the risk factors
To try to prevent this type of cancer, we have many effective measures available. First of all we should give up alcoholic beverages and smoking. They are the worst enemies of the mucous membrane that protects the esophagus. It is estimated that together they increase the risk of contracting the disease by about 100 times.
Secondly, we should always include fruits and vegetables in our daily diet. Typical foods of the Mediterranean diet are perfect for prevention. They will provide us with the right amount of vitamins and antioxidants to save cells from cancer degeneration.
Finally, never give up physical activity. Obesity and weight greatly affect the likelihood of getting esophageal cancer. Other research still to be investigated also associates the increased risk with the consumption of red meat.
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