by Antonio Costanzo
The vital function of the superficial layer of the skin (the so-called epidermis) is not to repel external toxic agents, but to retain water inside the organism
I have suffered from dry skin since I was young and have never found a permanent solution to the problem. Is it true that in these cases it is important to hydrate abundantly every day? I would also like to know what quantity of water is recommended for those who have my problem and if there are other effective remedies: I have tried various creams and detergents, but without success.
Answered by Antonio Costanzo, head of Dermatology, Humanitas Clinical Institute, Milan (GO TO THE FORUM)
Having “beautiful skin”, which resists the passage of time and the external factors that affect aging, depends on numerous variables. In first place I would include genetics which (at least so far) we do not have the possibility of altering; in second place, very close to the first position, we find skin hydration. In fact, contrary to what one might think, the “vital” function of the superficial layer of the skin (the so-called epidermis) is not to repel external “toxic” agents, but to retain water within the organism.
One and a half liters of water a day
Genetic diseases that completely prevent this function cause death a few hours after birth due to dehydration: therefore the skin contributes in a fundamental way to the well-being of the entire organism and the state of hydration is reflected in the skin. Drinking at least 1.5 liters of water a day is necessary for the lower layer of the skin (the dermis) to maintain the tone of the skin, allowing collagen and elastin, two proteins abundantly present in the dermis, to preserve their elasticity, preventing or delaying the formation of wrinkles. The other portion of the skin that needs to be kept hydrated for the skin to function well and appear beautiful is the stratum corneum, which is the most superficial layer of the epidermis, which is directly in contact with the outside.
Barrier against external agents
This is the layer that acts as a real barrier against external agents and tends to dry out very easily, causing the flaking typical of dry skin. In some very common skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, this layer is genetically altered and allows the entry of allergens which thus come into contact with the skin immune system and cause inflammation. To hydrate it correctly it is necessary not only to drink water, but also to apply creams that increase its barrier function and prevent dehydration. In short, hydrating the skin from inside and outside makes it more beautiful, healthier and more resistant to the passage of time.
April 15, 2024 (changed April 15, 2024 | 11:20)
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