Original title: The top-level document of cold chain logistics development is released in the next 5 years, the market scale is 550 billion yuan
Introduction: The cold chain industry has entered the fast lane of development, and the market scale is rapidly expanding.
Interns Fei Xinyi reports from Shanghai
The cold chain, as a subdivision of the logistics industry, is expected to heat up rapidly.
The General Office of the State Council recently issued the “Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for Cold Chain Logistics Development” (hereinafter referred to as the “Plan”), which clearly stated that by 2025, a cold chain logistics network that connects production areas and sales areas, covers urban and rural areas, and connects domestic and international networks will be initially formed. ; Looking forward to 2035, a modern cold-chain logistics system will be fully established, the facility network, technical equipment, and service quality will reach the world‘s advanced level, and industry supervision and governance capabilities will be basically modernized.
In recent years, the scale of my country’s cold chain logistics market has grown rapidly. According to the “Analysis Report on 100 Key Companies of China’s Cold Chain Logistics in 2020” issued by the Cold Chain Committee of the China Federation of Things, as of last year, my country’s cold chain logistics market has exceeded 380 billion yuan, with a cold storage capacity of nearly 180 million cubic meters, and the number of refrigerated trucks. There are about 287,000 vehicles, which are 2.4 times, 2 times and 2.6 times respectively at the end of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period.
However, due to the insufficient total amount of cold storage facilities in the production areas of agricultural products in my country, uneven geographical distribution, weak commercial processing capacity, and the lack of effective connection with the backbone cold chain logistics network, post-production losses are relatively large. Compared with developed countries, my country’s cold chain level still has a big gap.
However, with the implementation of the above-mentioned “Plan”, the focus of the cold chain track will increase rapidly.
“Prescribe the right medicine” to tackle the pain points
With the explosion of urban new retail and fresh food distribution, and the continuous expansion of chain convenience stores, the low-temperature consumption of the terminal is increasing, and the domestic cold chain logistics market demand is continuously being released. The Cold Chain Committee of the China Federation of Things predicts that by 2025, the market size of my country’s cold chain logistics industry is expected to exceed 550 billion yuan.
In fact, cold chain logistics plays an important role in the circulation of the entire society.
At a press conference held by the National Development and Reform Commission on December 13, Zhang Jiangbo, deputy director of the Economic and Trade Department of the National Development and Reform Commission, stated that in the future, China will build eight national cold-chain logistics backbone channels with “four horizontal and four vertical” links to connect agricultural products. The main production areas and 19 urban agglomerations form a national cold chain logistics backbone channel network that connects internally and externally.
In response to the current domestic cold chain development issues, the “Plan” focuses on the “6+1” key categories, including fresh foods such as meat, fruits, vegetables, aquatic products, dairy products, and quick-frozen foods, as well as medical products such as vaccines. The overall deployment of cold chain logistics development during the Fourth Five-Year Plan period is also a top-level design and system guidance for promoting the high-quality development of cold chain logistics at present and in the future.
The “Planning” proposes to build a “four horizontal and four vertical” cold chain logistics backbone channel connecting the main production area and the main sales area, and build a “321” cold chain logistics operation system. Proposed the “three-level cold chain logistics node construction project”, and made arrangements for the construction of the national backbone cold chain logistics base, the production and sales cold chain distribution center, and the cold chain logistics facilities at both ends to make up for the shortcomings.
At the same time, in order to strengthen the supervision of cold chain logistics, the “Plan” proposes the “National Cold Chain Food Traceability Supervision System Construction Project”, relying on the existing national imported cold chain food traceability management platform, and gradually incorporate the domestic trade cold chain food circulation into the scope of traceability management. Promote data exchange and information sharing between national and provincial platforms and various market-oriented platforms, and build a national cold chain food traceability management platform by 2025 to achieve multi-level, multi-system, and cross-regional cold chain logistics traceability closed loop.
In terms of infrastructure and hardware facilities, cold storage equipment will usher in an iterative period of standardization, intelligence, greening, and innovation. In terms of circulation, promote the two-way cold chain logistics of consumer goods, improve the downstream channel of high-quality fresh consumer goods, and promote the two-way integration of urban and rural cold chain networks.
“Step by step” policy briefing
According to data from the Cold Chain Committee of the China Federation of Things, the current refrigerated transportation rates of fruits, vegetables, meat, and aquatic products in my country are 35%, 57%, and 69%, respectively, while the average refrigerated transportation rate of developed countries is as high as 90%. In addition, the existing cold chains are of poor quality and small in quantity, especially the operation of some existing small cold storages in rural areas is not optimistic.
According to the “2021 Fresh Agricultural Products Cold Chain Storage and Transportation Technology Development Report”, the total volume of fresh agricultural products in my country each year exceeds 3×108t, and the comprehensive cold chain circulation rate is only 19%; food and fresh agricultural products are in the circulation link The losses are serious, with annual direct economic losses reaching 680 billion yuan.
On the demand side, with the overall improvement of urbanization and per capita consumption levels, the requirements for food safety and quality have increased, which has further promoted the development of cold chain transportation of food and agricultural products. The emergence of the epidemic has also forced a sharp increase in the demand for medical supplies, resulting in an explosive growth in cold chain transportation.
In fact, the release of the “Plan” has an important milestone significance. Zhang Jiangbo said that this “Plan” is my country’s first five-year plan in the field of cold chain logistics, which means that it is a comprehensive, multi-dimensional, and multi-level top-level design.
The 21st Century Business Herald reporter noted that before the “Plan” was released, the overall domestic plan for “cold chain logistics” has gradually been paid attention to in recent years, and the signal released has become more clear and clear.
What really ushered in industry innovation is that in 2020, my country proposes to build the first batch of 17 cold chain backbone logistics bases.
“The construction of these 17 cold-chain backbone logistics bases indicates that efforts will be made to build a national-level backbone cold-chain logistics infrastructure network, improve the scale, intensification, organization, and network level of cold-chain logistics, and support the industrialization of fresh agricultural products. Development will promote the consumption upgrade of urban and rural residents.” An analyst in the logistics industry told the 21st Century Business Herald reporter.
This year, the construction of my country’s cold chain logistics system has been further upgraded. In March, for the first time in China, it was proposed to develop the rural cold chain, promote the cold chain facilities for small-scale warehousing and fresh-keeping in the field, and promote the construction of low-temperature direct-sales distribution centers in the production area. It is worth mentioning that this “Plan” also focuses on promoting the professional development, large-scale operation and digital transformation of third-party cold chain logistics enterprises, and strive to cultivate leading enterprises with strong international competitiveness.
The 21st Century Business Herald reporter noted that in recent years, SF Express,NakadoriLogistics companies represented by Etc. are accelerating the deployment of cold chains.
At present, although the domestic cold chain logistics market has a huge space, it is still dominated by regional small and medium-sized enterprises, and there are not many cold chain logistics enterprises in the whole network. Meng Feng, President of Zhongtong Cold Chain, believes that this is mainly caused by two reasons. “From the perspective of demand, the traditional multi-level distribution and circulation mode has objectively caused the segmentation, fragmentation, regional, and small-scale supply of cold chain. In the entire supply chain, cold chain logistics companies have limited value creation. As a result, cold chain logistics companies lack the right to speak, their profit margins are infinitely suppressed, and they lack the ability to expand reproduction, thus falling into a vicious circle.”
“From the perspective of supply, cold chain logistics itself is an industry with relatively high thresholds for capital, management, technology, and talent. With its own efforts, a company can truly complete the investment, construction and operation management of the national cold chain network, which is very difficult. Big. It’s not impossible, but it requires a very sound policy environment, a healthy market environment and a fairly long gradual construction cycle.” Feng Feng said.
However, in his view, with the continuous implementation of policies, the cold chain industry has entered the fast lane of development under the influence of multiple factors such as the new dual-cycle normal, the introduction of the national comprehensive cold chain incentive policy, and the trend of domestic commodity circulation reforms. The market size is rapidly expanding.
(Author: Cao Enhui, Fei Xinyi Editor: Lin Hong)
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