Original title: During the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, 40 key cities across the country initially plan to add 6.5 million units (rooms) of affordable rental housing to allow more new citizens and young people to live and work in peace and contentment
Figure ①: Facilities in the affordable rental housing in New One City, Wuhan City, Hubei Province. Figure ②: The real scene of the affordable rental housing in Longfor Guanyu Wangdingdi Store, Nankai District, Tianjin City.Profile picture
Housing issues are related to people’s livelihood and well-being. The outline of the “14th Five-Year Plan” proposes to focus on cities with high population inflows and high housing prices, expand the supply of affordable rental housing, and focus on solving the housing problems of difficult groups and new citizens.
How to let more new citizens and young people live and work in peace and contentment? As an important part of the housing security system, what are the characteristics of affordable rental housing? What are the experiences and practices that are worth learning from? The reporter conducted an interview.
Adhere to small apartment size and low rent, mainly for eligible new citizens, young people and other groups
“Finally I have my own kitchen and bathroom. The 50-square-meter one-bedroom and one-bedroom rent is in the early 2,000 yuan per month, which is not much different from the shared rental price, but the environment is much better!” At the housing project site, Wang Hui, a young man who came to choose a house, was very satisfied.
Pushing open the door, lake blue curtains, light gray floor, sofa, coffee table and wardrobe are in good order. The “small and fresh” decoration style is in line with the aesthetics of young people.
“The project is a unified apartment type and unified decoration. Tenants can sign a contract of 1 to 5 years, and the rent will be implemented at 10% of the average regional price, and the price will not increase within 3 years of the lease period.” Chengdu High Investment Property Management, who is in charge of the project operation Co., Ltd. Deputy General Manager Li Jialing introduced.
In recent years, my country has accelerated the improvement of the housing security system with public rental housing, affordable rental housing and shared property housing as the main body. Unlike public rental housing, which is mainly aimed at urban housing and income “dual difficulty” families, affordable rental housing is mainly aimed at qualified new citizens, young people and other groups, and generally does not set an income threshold. At the same time, insist on small units and low rents, mainly small units with a construction area of no more than 70 square meters, and the rent is lower than the rental housing of the same quality market in the same location.
“New citizens, young people and other groups are mostly college students or migrant workers who have just graduated to work. Small-sized, low-rent housing can not only meet their basic living needs, but also minimize the burden of rent expenditures. In addition, in the public Under the condition of limited resources, the design of small units can also increase the supply of housing as much as possible.” The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development introduced.
By the end of 2021, the urbanization rate of my country’s permanent population will reach 64.72%, and the floating population will be 385 million. The population tends to gather in economically developed areas and urban clusters. According to Yu Xiaofen, vice president of Zhejiang University of Technology, currently in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Hangzhou and other big cities, the proportion of the renting population accounts for more than 40% of the permanent population.
Compared with the huge rental demand, the overall structural supply of the housing rental market in these cities is insufficient. “The rental properties in the market are mainly based on personal casual renting, and the leasing relationship is often unstable. The supply of large-sized and high-priced properties exceeds the demand, and the supply of small-sized and low-rent properties exceeds the demand. New citizens and young people can’t afford housing and rent The problem of “bad housing” is more prominent.” Yu Xiaofen believes that accelerating the development of affordable rental housing is conducive to improving the housing security system and further promoting the new-type urbanization centered on people; The real estate market developed steadily and healthily.
Mainly use stock land and housing construction to guide multi-subject investment and multi-channel supply
Accelerating the development of affordable rental housing and solving “where does the land come from” are the key.
In big cities, especially in central urban areas, land resources are scarce and the cost of acquiring land is high, which can easily push up housing prices and rents; the cost of land in the suburbs is relatively low, but the commuting distance is long.
Last year, Lin Bo, who graduated from college, moved into Longfor Guanyu Wangdingdi store, Nankai District, Tianjin City. He was interested in the convenience of commuting: “It takes about 10 minutes to walk to the company to work, and the nearest subway station is about 600 meters away, so it’s easy to go out and play on weekends. convenient.”
Two years ago, it was a collective dormitory that had been idle for a long time, but now it has a new look and the occupancy rate remains above 97%. “When I first took over, the rooms and facilities here were aging, and some roofs were leaking. The transformation into affordable rental housing projects not only revitalized inefficient and idle resources, but also reduced the investment cost of enterprises, serving multiple purposes.” The person in charge of the apartment introduced. , the project is applying for the implementation of residential water, electricity and heat prices, which can further reduce the operating costs of enterprises and the burden of tenants’ expenses in the future.
According to the “Opinions on Accelerating the Development of Affordable Rental Housing” (hereinafter referred to as the “Opinions”) issued by the General Office of the State Council, indemnificatory rental housing mainly uses collectively-owned commercial construction land, idle land owned by enterprises and institutions, supporting land for industrial parks and For the construction of existing idle houses, appropriate use of newly supplied state-owned construction land shall be used for construction.
The “Opinions” proposed to further improve the land support policy. For example, the use of non-residential stock land and non-residential stock housing to build affordable rental housing, after obtaining the certificate of affordable rental housing project, the price of water, electricity, and gas consumption shall be implemented according to the resident standard; the upper limit of the proportion of supporting land in the industrial park can be From 7% to 15%; and so on.
“Mainly using the existing land and housing construction to guide multi-subject investment and multi-channel supply is a new idea that is different from the previous affordable housing construction.” The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development introduced that this has changed the government’s role as a residence in the past. In the case of the only supplier of land and real estate developers as the only supplier of housing, “At present, rural collective economic organizations, enterprises and institutions, park enterprises, and housing leasing companies are all enthusiastic about participating.”
According to statistics, 70% of the subsidized rental housing is currently constructed using the stock of land and housing. In Beijing, this year, while making full use of the stock of idle houses and the self-use land of enterprises to build affordable rental housing, about 307 hectares of land for rental housing projects are planned, nearly 80% of which will be used for the construction of affordable rental housing; in Xiamen, some idle public housing Housing, resettlement housing, etc. were converted into affordable rental housing, and more than 1,000 units (rooms) were specially provided to sanitation workers, bus drivers and other grass-roots front-line public service personnel.
Affordable rental housing, rent and live well. The furniture and appliances in the house are all available, the public space is equipped with an audio-visual area, a book bar, a gym, etc., and 24-hour security guards are on duty… These have become standard for many affordable rental housing projects. In order to better meet the living needs of new citizens and young people, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has formulated corresponding standards, proposing that centralized rental housing can increase corresponding service functions according to market demand and actual conditions such as the configuration of commercial service outlets around the building. For example, the public area of the dormitory-type rental housing building can increase the public kitchen, cultural and sports activities and other service spaces, and the room should increase the storage space.
Fiscal, tax, financial and other support policies are implemented simultaneously to accelerate the development of affordable rental housing
Fenghe Village, Renhe Town, Baiyun District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province not only retains the Lingnan characteristics of blue brick walls and carved eaves, but also integrates fashionable atmospheres such as music bars and literary and art grocery stores. The hollow village of the past is now full of vitality.
“There were originally more than 200 vacant houses here. We have built affordable rental housing through micro-renovation. The average rental price per unit is about 1,300 yuan per month. Some old houses are also used for the development of business office, tourism and leisure projects. The village brings people and vitality.” Xu Xiaoyan, deputy general manager of Guangdong Hengguang Investment Co., Ltd., introduced.
For the construction and operation of rental housing, it is generally faced with the problems of large initial investment, long return period and high financing cost. How does the Fenghe Village Project solve this problem? Xu Xiaoyan said that China Construction Bank Guangzhou Branch provided 550 million yuan of credit support for the overall renovation of the project, with a term of 10 years and an interest rate of 4.2%. “Long-term low-interest loans can save about 30 million yuan in financial costs and ensure the smooth progress of the project. “
In February this year, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development jointly issued relevant guidelines, proposing to encourage banking financial institutions to renovate and renovate existing housing in accordance with the principles of compliance with laws and regulations, controllable risks, and commercial sustainability. Loans are provided by housing leasing companies that provide rental housing with property rights guaranteed; loans related to affordable rental housing are not included in the management of the concentration of real estate loans.
In order to mobilize the enthusiasm of multiple subjects to participate in the construction of affordable rental housing, a series of support policies have been implemented. Simplify the approval process, several cities have launched a joint review mechanism to shorten the project approval time; increase financial subsidies. Last year, the central government allocated 2.8 billion yuan in budgetary investment subsidies for 40 cities. This year, it will also increase the support of the central financial subsidy funds. ; To reduce the burden of taxes and fees, housing leasing companies pay value-added tax at a rate of 5% minus 1.5% for renting houses to individuals, and enterprises and institutions rent houses to individuals and large-scale housing leasing companies, at a reduced rate of 4%. Real estate tax.
“These policies and measures are highly valuable and powerful, they respond to some prominent problems faced by the current housing development, and make up for the shortcomings of the housing security system, which will allow more new citizens and young people to rent, afford, and rent close to. , the rent is good.” said Yan Rong, president of the Shanghai Real Estate Research Institute.
During the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, 40 key cities across the country initially plan to add 6.5 million units (rooms) of affordable rental housing, which is expected to help solve the housing difficulties of nearly 20 million people. Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and other key cities have also increased the proportion of new affordable rental housing, generally accounting for 40% to 45% of the new housing supply.
Huang Hui, a senior analyst at the Shell Research Institute, believes that to accelerate the development of affordable rental housing, it is necessary to further clarify the guarantee objects and refine the construction standards, and explore the formulation of a scientific and reasonable rental pricing mechanism. Housing rents, but the gap should not be too large, otherwise enterprises will easily lose money, which is not conducive to the development of a virtuous circle.”
In February this year, the Guangzhou Municipal Bureau of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the “Guangzhou Municipal Affordable Rental Housing Project Recognition Measures (Draft for Comment)”, proposing that the rent of affordable rental housing is lower than the rent of rental housing in the same location and quality market, which is determined by market players. In accordance with the principle of “sustainability of enterprises and affordability of citizens”, combined with the preferential policies enjoyed and the comprehensive evaluation of the operating costs of enterprises. The annual rent increase shall not be higher than that of rental housing in the same location and quality market over the same period, and shall not exceed 5%.
Some experts pointed out that under the multiple support policies, the construction of affordable rental housing should focus on adapting measures to local conditions and developing in an orderly manner, rather than blindly advancing it. “Next, we will promote the establishment and improvement of housing rental service management platforms in various places, strengthen the whole-process supervision of the construction, rental and operation management of affordable rental housing, and strengthen the supervision of project quality and safety. It is strictly prohibited to operate illegally or fraudulently obtain discounts in the name of affordable rental housing. policy,” said a relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. (Reporter Ding Yiting)