Researchers at Oregon State University have found that the current rate of increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is unprecedented in the past 50,000 years. Their study, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, [1] reveals that the current rate is 10 times faster than any natural increase recorded during this period. The researchers used detailed chemical analyzes of ancient Antarctic ice to reach these conclusions.
Historical context of CO2 levels
The study indicates that past natural increases in CO2 were linked to cold periods known as Heinrich events, associated with significant climate change globally. During these events, large amounts of CO2 were released from the oceans, causing atmospheric levels to rise. The researchers identified patterns in ice core samples from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, showing that these natural increases were significantly slower than the current pace driven by human emissions.[2]
Impact of strengthening westerly winds
The study findings also highlight the potential future impact of climate change. Evidence suggests that westerly winds, which play a crucial role in ocean circulation, are likely to strengthen over the next century. This change could reduce the Southern Ocean’s ability to absorb human-generated CO2, exacerbating the effects of global warming. Professor Kathleen Wendt, the lead author, points out that this could lead to rapid climate changes similar to those seen in the past.[2]
Implications on global climate
Co-author Christo Buizert explains that these findings highlight the importance of understanding past climate events to predict future changes. The Southern Ocean’s reduced capacity to absorb CO2 could have significant implications on global climate models. The study suggests that ongoing human emissions are pushing Earth’s climate system into uncharted territory, with potentially serious consequences for future generations.[2]
FAQ
How fast is CO2 increasing today?
CO2 is increasing 10 times faster than at any time in the last 50,000 years.
What have researchers discovered in the Antarctic ice?
They found chemical signatures showing rapid increases in CO2 during cold periods in the past.
What are Heinrich Events?
These are periods of collapse of North American ice that cause global climate change.
What is the role of the Southern Ocean?
The Southern Ocean absorbs CO2, but stronger winds can reduce this capacity.
How is Antarctic ice analyzed?
It is drilled to a depth of 3.2 km to collect samples containing ancient atmospheric gases.
What are the consequences of increasing CO2 today?
It can cause rapid climate change and reduce the ocean’s ability to absorb CO2.
Which institutions supported this research?
The US National Science Foundation funded the drilling and chemical analysis of the ice.
What do the new findings suggest about westerly winds?
Which could strengthen over the next century, reducing the Southern Ocean’s ability to absorb CO2.
Insights
Southern Ocean drives multidecadal atmospheric CO2 rise during Heinrich Stadials | PNASResearchers identify fastest rate of natural carbon dioxide rise over the last 50,000 years | Oregon State University
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