“The latest data reveal the great success of the vaccination campaign, as shown by the curve of the incidence of the pandemic updated this week, especially in the over 50 age group: hospitalizations are reduced, infections are also reduced and practically zero or however, both the commitments with respect to intensive care and the risk of mortality are greatly reduced “.
He said it Silvio Brusaferropresident of the Istituto Superiore di Sanità, remotely participating in the conference organized in Bari on the occasion of the first National Education and Prevention Day, with a speech entitled “Perspectives for public health in the light of the SARS CoV-2 pandemic”.
Endemic, epidemic and pandemic: what are the differences
“The virus continues to mutate, but thanks to vaccines – said Brusaferro – it is the first time in the history of the world that with public health measures we are able to model a pandemic. Look at the numbers of cases recorded in the first wave compared to those of this ‘last with the Omicron variant, it gives us the dimension of how the pandemic has evolved but also how our management capacity has evolved “.
Pandemic and syndemic
“We must consider this pandemic within a syndemic logic, where biological and social aspects interact and in their interaction the levels of risk and susceptibility of people and communities are also defined. Which is exactly the goal of public health“.
What is meant by syndemia
The term syndemia is the fusion of the words “synergy, epidemic, pandemic and endemic”: it was introduced by the medical anthropologist Merril Singerto explain the negative effects on people and society as a whole produced by the synergistic interaction between two or more diseases.
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“The syndemic model of health focuses on the biosocial complex, which consists of interacting, co-present or sequential diseases and on the social and environmental factors that promote and improve the negative effects of disease interaction.” approach to health conception and clinical practice reconfigures the conventional historical understanding of diseases as distinct entities in nature, separate from other diseases and independent of the social contexts they are in. Rather, all of these factors tend to interact synergistically in various and consequential ways. , with a substantial impact on the health of individuals and entire populations “.
“In particular, a syndemic approach examines why certain diseases cluster together (i.e., multiple diseases affecting individuals and groups); the pathways through which they interact biologically in individuals and within populations, and thus multiply their burden. disease, and the ways in which social environments, in particular conditions of social inequality and injustice, contribute to the clustering and interaction of diseases, as well as to vulnerability. “
The “syndemic” approach
A “syndemic approach” examines the health consequences of interactions between diseases and the social, environmental or economic factors that promote that interaction and worsen the disease. Understanding these mechanisms is important for prognosis, treatment and health policy.