Author: Wang Weiguang (Professor, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)
Core reading
Marxism is the fundamental guiding ideology for our party and the country, and it is the soul and banner of our party. The great achievements of our country’s revolution, construction, and reform have and will continue to prove that why the Chinese Communist Party can and why socialism with Chinese characteristics is good are, in the final analysis, because of Marxism! To build a powerful modern socialist country in an all-round way and realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we must adhere to the guidance of Marxism and continue to promote the sinicization of Marxism.
In his important speech at the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “To draw lessons from history and create the future, we must continue to promote the Sinicization of Marxism.” It is because of the important thesis of “Marxist action”. This is a scientific conclusion drawn from the history of the struggle of the Chinese Communist Party over the past century. To achieve the second centenary goal of building a modern and powerful socialist country in an all-round way, and to realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we must always adhere to the guidance of Marxism and continue to promote the sinicization of Marxism.
History and the people chose Marxism
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Marxism is the fundamental guiding ideology of our party and the country, and is the soul and banner of our party.” Looking back at modern Chinese history, history and the people’s choice of Marxism has an inherent deep logic and is completely correct.
After the Opium War in 1840, China gradually became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. The country was humiliated, the people suffered, and civilization was dusted. The Chinese nation suffered unprecedented calamities. To save the nation from peril, the Chinese people have waged an unyielding struggle. However, the self-improvement movement that does not touch the foundation of the old society, various nominal reformisms, old-style peasant wars, democratic revolutions led by bourgeois revolutionaries, various plans copying Western political system models, various class forces and various types The propositions and efforts of political factions all ended in failure, and they were unable to complete the historical mission of saving the Chinese nation and fighting against imperialism and feudalism. The ideas and methods of feudalism did not work, nor did the ideas and methods of the bourgeoisie work. The old path would not work, and China’s advanced elements were constantly searching for new ideological weapons and outlets. The success of the October Revolution in Russia gave people a bright future in using Marxism to save the Chinese nation from peril.
The Chinese Communist Party chose Marxism because China needs Marxism. Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out: “The reason why Marxism-Leninism came to China to have such a big effect is because China’s social conditions have such a need, because it is connected with the practice of the Chinese people’s revolution, and because it is controlled by the Chinese people. “In modern China, a bureaucratic comprador bourgeoisie and a dualistic weak national bourgeoisie have emerged. The bureaucratic comprador bourgeoisie is a reactionary class that maintains the old system. The national bourgeoisie cannot lead the Chinese democratic revolution to success due to its own weakness. . The feudal ruling class did everything possible to maintain the old feudal autocratic regime. China’s hopes and future have historically fallen on the shoulders of new class forces. In the 1920s, the working class representing China’s advanced productive forces gradually grew and formed about 2 million industrial workers, which became the solid class foundation of the Chinese Communist Party and the deep social foundation for Marxism to take root in China. Facing the situation of national peril, a group of advanced intellectuals “feeled in the danger of the country, and eagerly studied political theory, seeking a good strategy to save the nation and invigorate the nation”, determined to find a way out for the suffering China. The powerful power of Marxism to change the world has won the high trust of Chinese advanced elements, and the widespread dissemination of Marxism laid the ideological and theoretical foundation for the birth of the Communist Party of China.
China needs Marxism, and Marxism also needs China. Marx pointed out: “Once a theory has mastered the masses, it will also become a material force.” “The degree to which the theory is realized in a country always depends on the degree to which the theory meets the needs of the country.” Once scientific theory has mastered the masses, it will be transformed into a powerful material force that transforms the world; the practice of the masses of people, as the embodiment of material force, promotes the development of theories and is the only criterion for testing the truth of theories. Marxism has encountered advanced working class forces in China, and encountered the soil and conditions that can take root, blossom, and bear fruit. The Chinese working class has found Marxism as an ideological weapon. The subjective and objective conditions of the Chinese revolution require Marxism, and the truthfulness of Marxism is highly compatible with the inherent needs of Chinese society. Marxism spread to China, was accepted and used by the Chinese people, and became a powerful ideological weapon for the Chinese people to transform the world, and a scientific theory that guided the Chinese revolution, construction, and reform from victory to victory.
Marxism profoundly changes China
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “The Communist Party of China adheres to the basic principles of Marxism, insists on seeking truth from facts, starting from China’s reality, looking into the general trend of the times, grasping the historical initiative, carrying out arduous explorations, continuously advancing the modernization of Marxism in China, and guiding the Chinese people to continuously advance a great society. Revolution.” Over the past 100 years, the Chinese Communists have persisted in combining the basic principles of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with China’s excellent traditional culture. They have made fruitful results in the unremitting exploration and struggle to promote the modernization of Marxism in China, and have guided the Chinese revolution, Great achievements have been made in construction and reform.
Inspired by the “Russian Revolution”, follow the path of socialism. The old feudal rule cannot continue to maintain the survival and development of China, and the road of feudalism can no longer go on. The Chinese national bourgeoisie has never developed into an independent revolutionary leading force, and the path of capitalism has also failed. In the end, what kind of development direction and path should be chosen to lead the suffering old China to the light. This is the top priority for the Chinese people. The victory of the October Revolution in Russia gave the Chinese who were groping in the dark see hope and a way out. In December 1920, Comrade Mao Zedong said in a letter to Cai Hesen and Xiao Zisheng: “In my opinion, the Russian-style revolution is an incomprehensible change that is impossible to achieve.” Marxism found the only correct answer: “to follow the road of the Russians” is to save China by the socialist road. Since its birth, the Communist Party of China has taken the realization of socialism and communism as its goal, and it has been moving forward and unswervingly.
Successfully blazed a trail for a new democratic revolution and creatively completed the transition from a new democratic revolution to a socialist revolution. There have been two wrong tendencies on the question of how the road to the Chinese revolution is going. One is the right opportunism mistakes made by Chen Duxiu and others in the later period, which distinguished between the bourgeois democratic revolution and the socialist revolution in the process of the Chinese revolution. The stage of close ties is separated, only the difference between the two is seen, and the connection between the two is not seen. It is advocated that the bourgeois-led bourgeois-democratic revolution should be carried out first, and then the proletarian-led socialist revolution should be carried out. The transfer of leadership to the Kuomintang resulted in the failure of the vigorous revolution; a “Left” error represented by Wang Ming, which confused the boundaries between the bourgeois democratic revolution and the socialist revolution, and attempted to merge the two revolutionary stages of different natures. Take one step at a time, “success in one battle,” and win the victory of the socialist revolution in one fell swoop, leading to the Chinese revolution on the verge of failure. Both the “Left” and the Right lines have committed subjectivism and dogmatism, leading to the separation of subjectivity and objectivity. They have broken away from the specific national conditions of China’s semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, and violated the objective laws of the Chinese revolution. The Chinese Communists, with Comrade Mao Zedong as the main representative, proceeded from the specific national conditions of China and believed that the Chinese revolution must be divided into two steps: the first step is to change the colonial, semi-colonial, and semi-feudal social form and turn it into an independent democratic society. ; The second step is to advance the revolution and build a socialist society. These two revolutionary stages of different nature are both distinct and interconnected. “The democratic revolution is a necessary preparation for the socialist revolution, and the socialist revolution is the inevitable trend of the democratic revolution.” Under the guidance of correct theory, our party successfully opened up the road of a new democratic revolution in which rural areas encircled cities and armed seizures of power. After the founding of New China, our party formulated the general line for the transitional period of “one transformation and three reforms”, realized the socialist transformation of agriculture, handicrafts, and capitalist industry and commerce, and creatively completed the transition from a new democratic revolution to a socialist revolution. .
Proceed from reality and follow our own path to build socialism with Chinese characteristics. What kind of socialism is to be built in China, how to build socialism, and what is the path of socialism? In the early days of the founding of New China, subject to objective and subjective conditions, learning from Soviet experience became an inevitable choice. With the advancement of socialist construction, the Chinese Communists gradually realized the shortcomings of the Soviet Union’s highly centralized planned economic system. Whether to continue to copy the Soviet experience or to follow one’s own path has become a major choice before our party. The Chinese Communists, with Comrade Mao Zedong as the main representative, adhere to the principle of independence, and clearly put forward that “take the Soviet Union as a mirror”. They should not take the detours that others have gone through, take the initiative to learn the experience and lessons of Soviet socialist construction, and independently explore suitable for China’s national conditions. , A road of socialist construction with Chinese characteristics. Although our country’s exploration of socialist construction encountered mistakes and twists during this period, it still made great achievements, which provided valuable experience, theoretical preparation and material foundation for creating the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. On the basis of a profound summary of the socialist revolution and construction practices, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party made a historic decision to shift the work center of the Party and the country to economic construction and implement reform and opening up. In the great practice of more than 40 years of reform and opening up, the Communist Party of China has united and led the people in unremitting struggle and successfully embarked on a path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Practice has proved that only by following our own path and building socialism with Chinese characteristics can we realize socialist modernization and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
The modernization of Marxism in China has achieved fruitful results. The Chinese Communists, with Comrade Mao Zedong as the main representative, created Mao Zedong Thought in the process of combining the basic principles of Marxism-Leninism with the concrete practice of the Chinese revolution and fighting against dogmatism, empiricism and other wrong tendencies. And construction practice provides correct ideological guidance. In the new period of reform and opening up, our party adheres to the basic principles of Marxism, inherits and develops Mao Zedong Thought, closely integrates China’s reality and the characteristics of the times, creates Deng Xiaoping Theory, and forms the important thinking of the “Three Represents” and the scientific outlook on development, in order to promote reform and opening up. And socialist modernization provides a scientific guide. After long-term efforts, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. The Chinese Communists, mainly represented by Comrade Xi Jinping, have responded to the development of the times and systematically answered what kind of socialism with Chinese characteristics should be maintained and developed in the new era from a combination of theory and practice. How to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics is a major issue of the times, which created Xi Jinping’s Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is the inheritance and development of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thinking of the “Three Represents”, and the scientific outlook on development. It is the ideological banner of the Communist Party of China in the new era and the political life of the country. The fundamental guideline of social life is contemporary Chinese Marxism and 21st century Marxism that lead China and influence the world.
Continue to develop contemporary Chinese Marxism and 21st century Marxism
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Adhering to the guidance of Marxism must fall into the study of the development of our country and the major theoretical and practical issues facing our party’s governance, and fall on the correct ideas and effective methods to solve the problems.” For 100 years, China The Communist Party has always adhered to the guidance of Marxism, proceeded from the specific reality of each historical stage of revolution, construction, and reform, and led the Chinese people to win one victory after another, and led an ancient nation that has been suffering to rejuvenate and irreversibly lead to a great rejuvenation. . On the new journey of building a powerful modern socialist country in an all-round way and realizing the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we must persist in taking history as a mirror, create the future, and continue to promote the Sinicization of Marxism.
Under the guidance of Marxism, during the period of the new democratic revolution, our party united and led the people with armed revolution to oppose the armed counter-revolution, overthrew the three mountains of imperialism, feudalism, and bureaucratic capitalism, and established the people of China where the people are the masters of the country. The Republic has achieved national independence and the liberation of the people, created great achievements in the new democratic revolution, and created fundamental social conditions for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. During the period of socialist revolution and construction, our party united and led the people, eliminated the feudal system of exploitation and oppression that had lasted for thousands of years in China, established the basic socialist system, promoted socialist construction, and defeated the subversion, destruction and armed provocations of imperialism and hegemonism. Achieved the most extensive and profound social changes in the history of the Chinese nation, realized the great leap of a poor, white and populous eastern country into a socialist society, created great achievements in the socialist revolution and construction, and achieved the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation Lay the fundamental political prerequisite and institutional foundation. In the new era of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, our party has established the party’s basic line in the primary stage of socialism, united and led the people to unswervingly advance reform and opening up, overcome risks and challenges from all quarters, and created, persisted, defended, and developed Chinese characteristics. Socialism has achieved a historic transformation from a highly centralized planned economic system to a vibrant socialist market economic system, from closed and semi-closed to all-round openness, and from a relatively backward state of productivity to the world‘s total economic volume. The second historic breakthrough realized the historic leap from insufficient food and clothing to an overall well-off life and towards an all-round well-off life. It created great achievements in reform and opening up and the socialist modernization drive, and provided full of new ideas for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The vitality of the system guarantees and the material conditions for rapid development.
Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core adheres to and strengthens the overall leadership of the party, unites and leads the people to promote the overall layout of the “five in one”, coordinate the promotion of the “four comprehensive” strategic layout, adhere to and improve The socialist system with Chinese characteristics, the promotion of the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities, adhere to the rule of the party, form a relatively complete internal party legal system, overcome a series of major risks and challenges, achieve the first century-old goal, and clearly achieve the second The strategic arrangement for the goal of a century of struggle, the party and the country’s cause has made historic achievements and has undergone historic changes, created great achievements in socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and provided a more complete institutional guarantee for the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. A solid material foundation and a more active spiritual force. Xi Jinping’s Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is the latest achievement of the Sinicization of Marxism. It carries the mission of the Chinese Communists to seek rejuvenation for the nation, draws a grand blueprint for the realization of the Chinese dream of national rejuvenation, and promotes the great creative spirit, great spirit of struggle, and great unity of the Chinese nation. The spirit, the spirit of great dreams, and the inheritance and promotion of the excellent traditional Chinese culture have provided a powerful spiritual force for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. On the new journey, to realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we must unswervingly hold high the great banner of Marxism and socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must adhere to the guiding position of Xi Jinping’s thinking on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era and examine Marx with a broader perspective. The realistic basis and practical needs of the contemporary development of Marxism, insist on combining the basic principles of Marxism with China’s specific reality and with the excellent traditional Chinese culture, using Marxism to observe, grasp and lead the times, and continue to develop contemporary Chinese Marxism. , 21st century Marxism.
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责编：王晓秋 ]
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