Cover reporter Shao Meng Trainee reporter Feng Rui
At noon on July 11, the Health and Health Bureau of Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province notified: On the evening of the 9th, the CDC in the district received a report from the hospital that there was a case of infectious diarrhea in Wuhan University. The serological agglutination test of this case was positive for O139, the diagnosis was cholera, and the virulence gene was negative. After effective diagnosis and treatment, the patient’s condition was controlled and the symptoms disappeared.
On the afternoon of the 11th, Zhang Shaoqian, a student at the School of Life Sciences of Wuhan University, told the cover news reporter that on the 9th, the Wuchang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention notified Wuhan University that there were suspected cases, and the No. All school students have undergone anal swab tests. The study and life of other students outside the sealed dormitory building have not been affected, and they can enter and leave the school normally.
Jin Dongyan, a professor at the School of Biomedical Sciences of the University of Hong Kong and an expert in medical microbiology, said in an interview with the cover news that cholera is mainly transmitted through contaminated food and water sources. In most cases, there are no symptoms or mild symptoms, mainly manifested as diarrhea and vomiting. In recent years, sporadic cases have been reported almost every year in China, and it is almost impossible to cause large-scale transmission in developed cities, so there is no need to panic.
On the afternoon of July 11, Wuhan University’s WeChat public account released “Answer to Reporters’ Questions About a Case of Cholera in Wuhan University and Related Situations”. Vibrio cholerae of O1 and O139 groups were detected, and no new cases were found.
Wuchang District Health Bureau reported a confirmed case of cholera.
what is cholera
Whether there have been cases in recent years
According to the information released on the website of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, cholera is an acute intestinal infectious disease caused by Vibrio cholerae of O1 or O139 groups. It is also one of the two Class A infectious diseases stipulated in the “Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases”.
Jin Dongyan introduced that cholera is caused by Vibrio cholerae, not a virus. It “never disappeared”. There are sporadic cases of cholera almost every year in China, and there are occasional localized outbreaks in individual areas, mostly caused by O139 group of Vibrio cholerae. Compared with the previous “classical type”, this bacterial strain has weakened, and the medical and health level in my country has been improved year by year, so the fatality rate is very low. Its clustered transmission is mainly due to contaminated drinking water or food, especially shellfish and seafood.
The cover news reporter combed the national epidemic data of notifiable infectious diseases released by the National Health and Health Commission from 2012 to the present and found that the annual reported cases of cholera were between 5 and 100 cases, and a total of 266 cases were reported in the past ten years. In recent years, the number of reported cases has generally declined dynamically trend, and since 2014, no reported cases have died. One case of cholera was also reported in January and March this year.
Where is the source of cholera
Is it related to sanitary conditions
At present, the source of the cholera is still unclear. According to Wuhan University’s report, sampling has been carried out for the medical staff and inspectors who came into contact with the student at Wuhan University Hospital on July 8, and the Vibrio cholerae test was carried out, and the relevant environment was tested and terminally disinfected. Environmental sampling and terminal sterilization were carried out for the student at 6 locations including canteens, restaurants, and canteens where the student ate and purchased food and drinks on campus since July 5. Relevant personnel took preventive medicines and observed at home.
There is news on the Internet that the dormitory building involved in the epidemic has no independent toilet, the toilet is old and dirty, and the public bathroom is wet and dilapidated. In this regard, Zhang Shaoqian told reporters, “Wuhan University expects to complete the renovation of the dormitory this summer, and very few dormitories have not yet been renovated, so the bathroom equipment is relatively old, but the management is normal. The dormitory building where cholera cases were found It just hasn’t been renovated yet.”
A Wuhan student living in another dormitory building said that the situation in different dormitory buildings may be different. The dormitory in which he is located has an independent bathroom. Although it is a bit old, it is not a problem to use. Whether it is dirty or not depends on the individual.
Jin Dongyan said that it is still not possible to determine whether it is related to the sanitary conditions of the dormitory, and the specific cause will need to wait for epidemiological analysis. Cholera is an intestinal infectious disease, “disease from the mouth”, through fecal-oral infection, mainly through contaminated water, food and close contact with life. “As long as the source of infection is cut off, the problem will basically be solved. In large developed cities, it is basically impossible to cause large-scale transmission.”
Statistics on morbidity and mortality of infectious diseases that are notifiable nationally in 2021.Source: Screenshot of the official website of the National Health Commission
How to Prevent Cholera
Experts give advice
On the afternoon of July 10, Wuhan University Hospital issued a reminder that summer is a season of high incidence of intestinal infectious diseases. If you have gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and vomiting, please go to the outpatient department of the School of Engineering and the school immediately for pre-examination, triage and information registration. Go to the fever clinic of Zhongnan Hospital in a timely manner according to the guidance of the staff. Pay attention to the safety of diet, put good diseases through the mouth, and do a good job in the prevention of intestinal infectious diseases.
Jin Dongyan suggested that cholera can be effectively prevented by doing good personal hygiene, washing hands frequently, not drinking raw water, not eating raw food, and paying attention to dietary hygiene.
The reporter noticed that the “Q&A on Cholera Prevention and Control” issued by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention also pointed out that the main thing to prevent cholera is to “keep your mouth open”, prevent disease from entering your mouth, and achieve “five musts and five nos”: wash hands before meals and after toilet , The seafood you buy should be cooked, the food between meals should be thoroughly heated, the raw and cooked food should be separated, and symptoms should be consulted. Do not drink uncooked water, do not patronize unlicensed food, do not eat rotten food, do not overeating, and do not touch unsterilized (cholera-contaminated) items.
“The decline in the prevention and control rate of infectious diseases is related to the implementation of the prevention and control of infectious diseases. Once the prevention and control measures are relaxed, it may rebound… It is like a lid with a pot of boiling water under it. Open the cover.” At the press conference of the National Health Commission on June 17, Lei Zhenglong, deputy director of the CDC, made a metaphor for the prevention and control of infectious diseases, and hoped that everyone would put the prevention and control measures in place and compact them. in place.Return to Sohu, see more
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