High-yield soybeans are bred in the yellow triangle saline-alkali land with a yield of 264.8 kg per mu
Planting soybeans in saline-alkali soils with a salt content of up to five thousandths and regarded as “barren land” can not only grow well, but also produce high yields. This is a study of genetics and developmental biology in the Chinese Academy of Sciences in the Yellow River Delta. (Hereinafter referred to as the Institute of Genetics and Development of the Chinese Academy of Sciences) Dongying Molecular Design Breeding Research Center base.
On October 11, the Institute of Genetics and Development of the Chinese Academy of Sciences invited experts to test the production of the key deployment project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences “Molecular basis and variety cultivation of soybean high-yield and stable production”. The results showed that the salt content of the soil in the Yellow River Delta is five-thousandths of a saline-alkali soil. The planted salt-tolerant soybean materials TZX-1736 and TZX-805 have yields of 264.8 kg and 263.3 kg per mu, which set a record for the new salt-tolerant soybean varieties. In contrast, the data has surpassed my country’s average soybean yield per mu (132.4 kg) in 2020.
An expert group led by an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences agreed that these two soybean lines have salt tolerance and high yield characteristics, which are important innovations in soybean salt and alkali tolerance.
It is understood that my country is the world‘s largest consumer of soybeans, of which more than 80% rely on imports, and the total import volume in 2020 will reach more than 100 million tons. According to Tian Zhixi, the breeder of the line and a researcher at the Institute of Genetics and Development of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, emphasized to the reporter of Science and Technology Daily: The main bottleneck facing my country’s soybeans is low yield and insufficient arable land. There are two ways to increase the domestic soybean self-sufficiency rate: one is to expand the planting area, and the other is to increase the yield per unit area.
In this context, Chinese scientists have set their sights on the vast saline-alkali land. According to rough statistics, my country has 550 million acres of saline-alkali land, of which at least about 200 million acres have potential for reconstruction. The emergence of new saline-alkali-tolerant soybean lines has undoubtedly provided a core element for deep ploughing of saline-alkali soils and abundant large granaries.
According to a reporter from Science and Technology Daily, this result was developed by Tian Zhixi’s research team over four years. They screened more than 8,000 soybean materials for four consecutive years under natural rain-fed conditions in the saline-alkali soils of Dongying, and obtained 56 super-high-yield and excellent soybean germplasms, of which 18 were particularly excellent materials. Among them, the cooperative Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) The Guo Kai research team of the Institute of Biology has developed 4 supporting technologies for nutrient management in saline-alkali land.
Tian Zhixi told reporters frankly: “The initial research and development experience was rather tortuous, and even the situation of’annihilation’ occurred. We were not discouraged, but found the few remaining trees to continue research.”
The expert group recommends that these two achievements can be demonstrated in the Bohai Rim saline-alkali lands and accelerated their approval and promotion, forming a “chain-length system” industrial chain development from saline-alkali soybean germplasm, special machinery, planting technology, inputs, and downstream processing. So as to provide core technical support for ensuring my country’s food security.
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